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Personality Assessment Response **The Four Preferences**

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The easiest way to look at your personality uses //four preferences//. They provide an introduction to the theory that, whilst a simplification, is easy to understand. You combine your results, shown by the green bars in the table, to get your personality type code, i.e.:**ESFP**. The MMDI suggests that you also consider whether your type might be **ISFP**. The reason for this will become apparent later, when we discuss the //whole type// approach. There is more information about the four preferences in the optional Personality Type report. These letters are too simple to rely on for important decisions, such as career choice. As an analogy, the world has two hemispheres: North and South, but countries in the same hemisphere can be very different (compare, say, Greenland and Somalia). When looking for somewhere to live, you would not simply choose 'any' country in your hemisphere. Similarly, it is not sensible to base important decisions about your future on your personality type letters alone.
 * || **E** || **I** ||  ||
 * Do you prefer to direct energy towards the outer world of people and things (E) or the inner world of ideas and information (I)? ||
 * Extraversion involves interacting with people, having broad interests, and tending to act first and then think. |||| Introversion involves concentrating on a few, deep issues, and thinking things through before acting. ||
 * || **S** || **N** ||  ||
 * Do you prefer to deal with facts and tangible outcomes (S) or possibilities and potential (N)? ||
 * Sensation looks at facts, takes a practical approach and tends to be interested in clear, detailed information. |||| iNtuition looks at potential and possibilities, and tends to be interested in what is not yet known. ||
 * || **T** || **F** ||  ||
 * Do you prefer to decide on the basis of objective logic (T) or subjective values (F)? ||
 * Thinking involves using principles, taking a detached, objective view as an onlooker, analysing and criticising. |||| Feeling involves using values, taking a personal, subjective view as a participant, valuing and appreciating. ||
 * || **J** || **P** ||  ||
 * Do you prefer to live an organised and structured life (J) or be flexible and go with the flow (P)? ||
 * Judgement structures and controls life, making decisions and establishing closure or stability. |||| Perception retains flexibility, inquiring, being spontaneous, keeping options open and waiting to see what develops. ||

**Increase Your Ability To Influence**

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 * The Platinum Rule**

The use of personality type in influencing is based on the Platinum Rule, which is regarded as a more advanced version of the Golden Rule. The Golden Rule states "Do unto others as you would be done by". The Platinum Rule states "Do unto others as //they// would be done by". Although the four letters are too simple for some decisions, they can increase your ability to influence other people and improve relationships. When you deal with people who have different preferences to you, adapting your style to suit their preferences can make you more persuasive. **Working Out Others' Preferences** You can't ask everyone you meet to complete a questionnaire, so the first step in becoming more influential is learning how to work out other people's preferences through observation. This is beyond the scope of this report, but is described in the book //Influencing People Using Myers Briggs//. **Become More Influential** As your preferences are for Feeling, your natural tendency is to influence other people by taking a friendly approach, focusing on what other people have done, and basing your decisions on important values. However, when trying to persuade a "T", there is a risk that you may seem to be unprofessional, illogical, or not having a sound basis for your argument. To be more influential, adapt your style to his/her preferences. Be logical and businesslike in your arguments. Focus on the underlying principles involved. And don't shirk from constructive conflict. There is much more information on how to influence others in the //Influencing People// book.

**Discover Your Uniqueness**

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**Compare Personality Types:** ESFP ISTJ ISFJ ISTP ISFP INTJ INTP INFJ INFP ESTJ ESTP ESFJ ESFP ENTJ ENTP ENFJ ENFP ISFP ISTJ ISFJ ISTP ISFP INTJ INTP INFJ INFP ESTJ ESTP ESFJ ESFP ENTJ ENTP ENFJ ENFP
 * **ISTJ** **52%** || **ISFJ** **66%** || **INFJ** **53%** || **INTJ** **38%** ||
 * **ISTP** **47%** || **ISFP** **76%** || **INFP** **70%** || **INTP** **41%** ||
 * **ESTP** **63%** || **ESFP** **77%** || **ENFP** **64%** || **ENTP** **50%** ||
 * **ESTJ** **46%** || **ESFJ** **75%** || **ENFJ** **68%** || **ENTJ** **40%** ||

The second way to look at your personality uses //whole types// as reference points to understand your individual personality. This is similar to using landmarks on a map to identify your location. Although some people are close to one type, most are between two or more types.1 The MMDI thinks your personality is closest to **ESFP**, and 2nd closest to **ISFP**. If your closest personality type is ESFP then you are an action-oriented people person. You seek to live life to the full, and enjoy applying your people-skills (and other practical skills) to achieve a tangible benefit for people. You have a strong sense of immediacy or urgency - realising what needs to be done now - and are probably often urging your colleagues to stop talking and get on with doing something. However, important decisions, such as choosing a career, need to be based on your individual personality rather than your closest personality type. The 16 types are only landmarks. Whilst you have some features in common with your closest types, they lack accuracy - i.e., they do not pinpoint your unique combination of preferences. 1C.G Jung, Psychological Types, p. 516

**Become Much More Self Aware**

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**Your Mental Muscle Diagram**









A better way to describe your individual preferences is using //type dynamics//, which is the third perspective on your personality. It provides the most accurate description of your unique, individual personality. **What Makes You Tick** In Type Dynamics your personality is a complex system - there are four mental functions which correlate with regions of the brain. These functions grow and develop different characteristics in different people. You can develop a better self knowledge by understanding the role these functions play in your personality. **Becoming More Self Aware** The depth of Type Dynamics makes them beyond the scope of this online report. There is an optional report that uses your 'mental muscle diagram' (above right) to deepen your self-understanding. Also, the Careers and Leadership Reports use your type dynamics (in the form of a wheel) to match your individual personality with different careers or leadership roles. **Learn About Your Leadership Style**

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**Your leadership Profile** Your leadership profile is closely related to your personality type. **Your Preferred Style** You like to use several styles, the most natural being as an ideological leader. Ideological leaders achieve through the promotion of ideals and values. They keep the focus of the group on those things that are most important. Ideological leadership is founded on a strong belief system that is shared by the group. It focuses effort on supporting those beliefs or championing causes with which they are associated. The Leadership Report examines this style, and the rest of your leadership profile, in more depth. At times, you will have to use all the styles, so it makes suggestions for your leadership development, based on your natural strengths and weaknesses. **Discovering What Makes A Good Leader** One of the challenges of leadership is to find a balance between your leadership profile and the demands of the role. Too much emphasis on your preferences can limit your performance as a leader. Too much emphasis the other way round can cause you excessive stress or executive burnout. The Leadership Report compares your profile with the differing demands of various leadership roles, to help you find the right balance.

**Find Careers That Match Your Personality**

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Knowing your preferences can help you find a career in two ways. **Personality Type And Enjoyment** The first method is to identify careers that are associated with your closest personality type. We conducted research with approximately 17,000 people, asking them to rate their job for enjoyment. We then compiled lists for each personality type, showing which jobs they enjoyed most. The Careers Report includes the career lists for ESFP and ISFP. You can choose another two types at the time of ordering. **Matching Your Individual Profile** The second method matches your individual personality to potential careers, using your unique type dynamics. As part of our research, we asked people doing various jobs to complete a questionnaire about it. The results show the particular type dynamics required in over 100 careers, which are matched with your personality in the Careers Report. It uses //stretch diagrams// (which are explained in the report) and feedback from the research to identify what you might like or dislike about each career.
 * Career Report Contents**
 * 50 pages (A4/Letter size)
 * over 100 careers
 * ratings that ESFPs and ISFPs gave for job enjoyment;
 * how much ESFPs and ISFPs enjoy working on their own, in a team, as a team leader or as a senior manager;
 * the enjoyment ratings all types gave to each career;
 * scores to show how closely your personality matches each job;
 * what people doing each job liked and disliked about it;
 * descriptive analysis and our unique //stretch diagrams//, which show how your profile differs from each career group

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator®NICOLE CLINE / ENFJ ProfileFebruary 4, 2012 This profile is designed to help you understand your results on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator® (MBTI®) assessment. Based on your individual responses, the MBTI instrument produces results to identify which of sixteen different personality types best describes you. Your personality type represents your preferences in four separate categories, with each category composed of two opposite poles. The four categories describe key areas that combine to form the basis of a person’s personality as follows: Your MBTI type is indicated by the four letters representing your preferences. Based on your responses to the assessment, your reported MBTI type is ENFJ, also described as Extraverted Feeling with Intuition. Your results are highlighted below. • Where you focus your attention—Extraversion (E) or Introversion (I) • The way you take in information—Sensing (S) or Intuition (N) • The way you make decisions—Thinking (T) or Feeling (F) • How you deal with the outer world—Judging (J) or Perceiving (P) Reported Type: ENFJ Where you focus your attention The way you take in information The way you make decisions How you deal with the outer world Extraversion People who prefer Extraversion tend to focus their attention on the outer world of people and things. Sensing People who prefer Sensing tend to take in information through the five senses and focus on the here and now. Thinking People who prefer Thinking tend to make decisions based primarily on logic and on objective analysis of cause and effect. Judging People who prefer Judging tend to like a planned and organized approach to life and prefer to have things settled. Introversion People who prefer Introversion tend to focus their attention on the inner world of ideas and impressions. Intuition People who prefer Intuition tend to take in information from patterns and the big picture and focus on future possibilities. Feeling People who prefer Feeling tend to make decisions based primarily on values and on subjective evaluation of person-centered concerns. Perceiving People who prefer Perceiving tend to like a flexible and spontaneous approach to life and prefer to keep their options open. E I  S  N  T  F  J  P  Your responses to the MBTI assessment not only indicate your preferences; they also indicate the relative clarity of your preferences—that is, how clear you were in expressing your preference for a particular pole over its opposite. This is known as the preference clarity index, or pci. The bar graph that follows charts your pci results. Note that a longer bar suggests you are quite sure about your preference, while a shorter bar suggests you are less sure about that preference.

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator®

Profile Clarity of Reported Preferences‍‍: ENFJ ‍‍ Very Clear Clear Moderate Slight Slight Moderate Clear Very Clear 22 6  26  12  ExtraversionE Sensing S Thinking T Judging J  I Introversion N Intuition F Feeling P Perceiving 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 PCI ResultsExtraversion 22Intuition 6Feeling 26Judging 12 Your type professional can give you more insight into your profile results as well as elaborate on the type description provided for you in the chart below. Does the description of your reported type seem to fit you? Many people find that their MBTI results describe them quite well. For others, changing a letter or two may help them discover an MBTI type that more accurately captures their personality. If you feel the characteristics do not fit you quite right, the person who administered the MBTI instrument can help you identify a better-fitting type. Type Description: ENFJ •Warm, compassionate, and supportive •Loyal and trustworthy •Highly attuned to others; their empathy enables them to quickly understand emotional needs, motivations, and concerns •Guided by personal values in decision making •Likely to value harmony and cooperation; tend to look for the best in others •Curious about new ideas and stimulated by possibilities for contributing to the good of humanity •Usually seen by others as sociable, personable, gracious, expressive, responsive, and persuasive ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ ISTP ISFP INFP INTP ENFP ESTP ESFP ENTP ESTJ ESFJ ENTJ ENFJ Each type, or combination of preferences, tends to be characterized by its own interests, values, and unique gifts. Whatever your preferences, you may use some behaviors that are characteristic of contrasting preferences. For a more complete discussion of the sixteen types, see the Introduction to Type® booklet by Isabel Briggs Myers. This publication and many others to help you understand your personality type are available from CPP, Inc. CPP, Inc. | 800-624-1765 | [|__www.cpp.com__] Myers-Briggs Type Indicator ® Profile Copyright 1998, 2004 by Peter B. Myers and Katharine D. Myers. All rights reserved. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, MBTI, Introduction to Type, and the MBTI logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of the MBTI Trust, Inc., in the United States and other countries. The CPP logo is a trademark or registered trademark of CPP, Inc., in the United States and other countries.

Part 2: I prefer the Myers Briggs over the Big Five for multiple reasons. I found the MBTI easier to take, and it was also ‍‍easier to decipher ‍‍ what the results were with the Myers Briggs. They make the results very clear.The Myers Briggs was very accurate in depicting what I feel is my personality type. I do feel as though I am compassionate, caring, and an extravert,an ENFJ. The Big Five on the other hand at first seemed a bit contradictory ‍‍my closest match was an ESFP and my second was ISFP ‍‍. I did not see how it was possible to receive the results of extravert and an introvert on the same test, they are complete opposites of one another. After thinking about this in more depth it made sense because there is a time and a place to voice your opinion and there are times when you need to listen and not speak on impulse. I liked that there was a definite answer to choose on the Myers Briggs. On the Big Five if there was an option that was completely in the middle of the two options given I would have chosen that several times where there were equally important or unimportant in my opinion. I was disappointed that was not considered. Because of this I feel the results of the Big Five are less accurate then that of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Part 3: After reading over and evaluating the criticism of the Myers-Briggs they have made some valid points. We are all individuals whom are constantly evolving and changing. We do not fit into a perfect mold each and everyday. On Monday we may be the individual who takes charge and is in control of the situation, but the same may not be true on Tuesday if we feel another individual is better prepared for the leadership role for that particular situation that may differ from the previous day. Not everyone is one specific type either. ‍‍I suppose believing that everyone is one out of sixteen is unreasonable. ‍‍ Part 4: The Myers-Briggs is still the more popular type indicator used today among many professionals, but it’s begun loosing some of it’s validation. Psychologists are finding more reasons as to why the Big 5 may be the type indicator of the future. Concluding that every individual is only one out of 16 types is becoming less and less valid where as the Big 5 implying that you can be more then one type is being excepted more. Scores being very closely related are also poking some wholes in the results not only being reliable but also valid. If you are only able to be one of 16 personality types you would anticipate an extremely different set of answers for each type not for them to be closely related and this is not the case with the MBTI. Another thing that should ring true is that since my results were ENFJ today then if I were to retake the test a year from now I would test as an ENFJ again, there is no wiggle room. The Myers-Briggs sets a definitive line as to what personality type an individual is not taking into consideration the growth of an individual. I’m not talking about only physical growth but ‍‍mental growth ‍‍. With age often comes knowledge. An eighteen year olds way of reacting to a situation may differ from that of a 30 year olds reaction. For example would an eighteen year old young man react the same way to a young child crying as a 30 year old father? More then likely he would not. The Big 5 allows for portability of types taking into consideration that there is not only one set standard or “norm” for every individual we are all unique. Our uniqueness and ability to continuously adapt to our surroundings is what makes us an individual. How boring would it be if we were all the same. The cutoff scores for the MBTI also makes it impossible for a person to fall into two separate categories you are either one or the other because of this even if your score is very close to both characteristics. When it comes to validity the Myers-Briggs falls short. After examination of the Factor Analysis and whether or not a personality type truly matters when an individual encounters a set of circumstances is inconclusive and not well supported. Another negative result was that a measurement error was found. Thus far there is no concrete evidence that the MBTI can accurately conclude what career a person should go into because of the results they receive from this test. Furthermore ‍‍it is also inconclusive as to whether or not one particular personality type is better suited for a career ‍‍ then another type. It is safe to say that although this test is very popular and easy to use ‍‍it is still not 100%. Among the professionals the validity and relilability of this test are still not 100%.

From Professor Barrett:

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